Other Ending Letters

All 501 Matching Words

sacerdocy(obsolete) the priesthoodsacralityThe property of being sacral; sacredness.sacristrySynonym of sacristanry.sagitallyMisspelling of sagittally.sagittalyMisspelling of sagittally.sagittary(heraldry, often capitalized) A mythical compound creature, resembling a centaur (half-human, half-horse) or a half-human, half-lion, often armed with a bow and arrows.sailinglyWith a sailing motion.saintlily(rare) In a saintly way.salesladyA woman who is employed as a sales clerk.salientlyIn a salient manner, relevantly, germanely.salimetrySynonym of salinometry.salmonflySynonym of stonefly.saltatoryOf or pertaining to leaps or leaping.saltishlyIn a saltish manner.saltsprayAlternative form of salt spray.salubrify(transitive) To make salubrious.salubrityThe quality of being salubrious or invigorating.salvatory(obsolete) A place where things are preserved; a repository.sanctuaryA place of safety, refuge, or protection.sandberrySynonym of bearberry.sandwichyOf, or relating to, sandwiches.sanjakbey(historical) An official of the Ottoman Empire who oversaw a sanjak.sapientlyIn a sapient manner.saprobity(ecology) A measure of the amount of decaying organic material in an environment such as a river.sarcology(obsolete) The study of the soft parts of the body, including myology, angiology, neurology, and splanchnologysartainty(dialect, nonstandard) certaintysatiatoryRelating to satiationsaturablyIn a saturable mannersaurology(zoology) The study of lizards.savourilyIn a savoury manner; with a pleasing relish.saxophony(rare, humorous) In the manner or likeness of the sound of a saxophone.scaffoldy(informal) Of a building or a wall: covered in or looking like a scaffold.scalarityThe condition of being scalarscaleablyAlternative spelling of scalably.scapulary(ornithology) scapularscaringlyIn a manner that scares; frighteningly.scarletlyIn a scarlet manner; with scarlet color.scatologyThe scientific study or chemical analysis of faeces.schindery(obsolete, dialectal, chiefly Western Pennsylvania) A facility in which animal carcasses are rendered into useful by-products, such as hides, fertilizer, soap, etc.; a rendering plant.schistifyTo develop or cause to develop into schist.schlockey(Canada) A box game variant of ice hockey, for two players, with two blade-less "schtick" sticks, a puck, a wooden box with two, three, or five slotted dividers, representing pass/shot opposition for the (possible) middle divider(s), and the goal slots for the two end dividers.schmaltzyOverly sentimental, emotional, maudlin or bathetic.scholarlyCharacteristic of a scholar.schoolboyA boy attending school.schooldayA day during which the public schools are open, usually synonymous with weekday during the school year.schoolery(obsolete) Something taught; precepts; schooling.sciascopyAlternative form of skiascopy.sciaticky(regional, colloquial) sciaticascientify(transitive) To make scientific; to subject to scientific rules.sciomachyAlternative form of sciamachy.sciomancydivination using shadowssciosophyFalse or pretended knowledge of science or natural phenomena.scraggilyIn a scraggy way.scrappilyIn a scrappy mannerscrawnilyIn a scrawny manner.scriballyIn a scribal manner; in terms of the way something is written.scrimpilyIn a scrimpy manner.scriptory(dated) Of or pertaining to writing; expressed or used in writing; written.scrivenryAlternative form of scrivenery.scrotally(chiefly medicine) With respect to, or via, the scrotum.scrubbilyIn a scrubby way.scruffilyIn a scruffy way.scumbaggy(informal) Like a scumbag.seacrafty(rare, obsolete) Skilled in navigating ocean vessels.seakindly(nautical) Easy to sail at sea; having good handling ability in the ocean.seannachyAlternative form of seannachie.searinglyIn a burning, blistering, hot manner.seawardlyToward the sea.seaworthy(nautical) Fit for service at sea.sebometryThe measurement of surface lipids in skinsecketaryPronunciation spelling of secretary.secondaryNext in order to the first or primary; of second place in origin, rank, etc.secretaryA person who keeps records, takes notes and handles general clerical work.secretoryOf, pertaining to, or used in secretion.sectilityThe property of being able to be cut; examples of materials with this property include wood, metal, and paper.secuerityObsolete form of security.secularlyIn a secular fashion.sedentaryNot moving; relatively still; staying in the vicinity.sedentoryMisspelling of sedentary.seekinglySo as to seek something.seeminglyAs it appears; apparently.seepingly(rare) Gradually encroaching, as if seeping.seigneuryAlternative form of seigneurie.seignioryThe estate of a feudal lord.seintuaryObsolete form of sanctuary.sejunctly(obsolete, rare) Separately.selfishlyIn a selfish manner; with regard to private interest only or chiefly.sellingly(dated) So as to sell something; with success in sales.semblably(obsolete) In a similar way; similarly.semiangryAlternative spelling of semi-angry.semidailyAlternative spelling of semi-daily.semidecayPartial decay.semifunnyAlternative form of semi-funny.semihappySomewhat or partly happy.semihardy(botany) Somewhat hardy.semihorny(chiefly zoology) Somewhat or partially horny (hard or bony).seminallyIn a seminal way.semiologySemiotics, the study of signs.semipastySomewhat or partially pasty.semisunny(chiefly botany) Somewhat sunny; having a certain amount of exposure to the sun.semiwoodySomewhat or partly woody.seniorityA measure of the amount of time a person has been a member of an organization, as compared to other members, and with an eye towards awarding privileges to those who have been members longer.sensatelyIn a sensate manner.sensatory(archaic) Relating to sensation or perception.sensitoryDated form of sensory.sensivityMisspelling of sensitivity.sensorilyIn a sensory manner.sensuallyIn a sensual manner; in a way that excites the senses; sexily.sentiencyThe property of having sensation; sentience.separablySuch that it can be separated.septenaryConsisting of or containing seven.septicityA septic quality.septologyA series of seven works, especially books.sequacityQuality or state of being sequacious.serfishlyIn a serfish manner.sergeancy(archaic) The role, rank or office of a sergeant; sergeantship.sergeantyAlternative form of serjeanty.serialityThe process of occurring in a sequential manner; a serial arrangement; a succession.seriatelyIn seriate fashion.seriosity(uncommon) Synonym of seriousness.seriously(manner) In a serious or literal manner.serjeancyObsolete form of sergeancy.serjeanty(law, historical) A land tenure in which a tenant provided his liege with some kind of personal service, as opposed to nonpersonal service, such as paying tax (socage)seroarrayA serological microarrayseroassayA serological assay (as a means of serodiagnosis)serosallyIn a serosal mannerserostudyA serological studyserpently(rare) snakelikeserpentryA place inhabited or infested by serpents.serriedly(rare) Crowded together in rows.servantcyThe state or condition of being a servant.servantlyOf, pertaining to, resembling, or befitting a servant; servile.servantryA body of servants; servants collectively.servilelyIn a servile way; fawningly.servilityThe condition of being servile.sessilely(zoology, botany) In a sessile manner.sessilityThe condition of being sessilesettledlyIn a settled manner.seventhlyIn the seventh place; seventh in a row.severalty(law) The sole ownership of property by someone.sexlesslyIn a sexless manner, or in a way that lacks sex appeal.sexterity(informal) Sexual ability, experience, or prowess.sextuallyIn a sextual manner.sexualityThe quality of being sexual; that which is characterized or distinguished by sex.sexualogy(rare) The study of the differences between the sexessexworthyWorthy of sex; worth having sex with.shadbellyAn old-fashioned formal dress coat sometimes worn in equestrian circles.shadberrySynonym of shadbush (“plant in the genus Amelanchier”).shadowilyIn a shadowy manner.shagnasty(dialect) A vile person.shakinglyIn a shaking manner; shakilyshallowlyIn a shallow manner, without depth.shaminglyIn a shaming way.shampooey(rare) Resembling or characteristic of shampoo.shantyboyAlternative form of shanty boy.shapelilyIn a shapely manner.shapinglySo as to give shape to something.sheconomyThe trend whereby women are gaining economic power, and living increasingly consumerist lifestyles, particularly when it comes to spending on fashion, food, cars, and apartments.shepherdy(informal) Resembling or characteristic of a shepherd.sherbettyAlternative form of sherbety.sheriffryThe area of jurisdiction of a sheriff.shieldmaySynonym of shieldmaiden.shininglyIn a shining manner; brilliantly.shitfully(slang, vulgar) In a shitful manner.shmegeggyAlternative spelling of schmegeggy.shoegazey(rare, informal, music) Having elements of the shoegaze style.shoplifty(informal, rare) Of, or related to shoplifting.showbizzy(informal) Of or pertaining to showbiz; glitzy, glamorous (possibly implying a lack of intellectual depth).showmanlyBefitting a showman.showmanrySynonym of showmanship.shrewdity(rare) shrewdnessshriekery(rare) Shrieking.shriekilyIn a shrieky manner.shrimperyA place where shrimp are caught or cultivated.shrivaltyArchaic form of shrievalty.shrubberyA planting of shrubs; a wide border to a garden where shrubs are thickly planted; or a similar larger area with a path winding through it.sibilancyThe property or state of being sibilant.siblinglyPertaining to a sibling or siblings.sickishlyIn a sickish manner.siderurgyThe iron and steel industry.sidlinglyWith a sidling motion.siftinglySo as to sift or sort through.sighfullyIn a sighful manner.sighinglyIn a sighing way; with sighs.sigillaryRelating to a seal or sigil.signality(obsolete) importance; remarkability.signataryAlternative form of signatory.signatoryOne who signs or has signed something.signitaryAlternative form of signatory.silatropy(organic chemistry) A rearrangement reaction in which a silyl group (typically a trimethylsilyl group) is moved from one place to another in a molecukrsilverilyIn a silvery manner.silvologyThe scientific study of forests.simianityThe quality or state of being simian.similarly(manner) In a like style or manner.sincerelyIn a sincere or earnest manner; honestly.sincerityThe quality or state of being sincere.singinglywhilst singing; accompanied by the sounds of singingsingsongyAlternative spelling of sing-songy.sinlesslyIn a sinless way; without sin.sinninglyIn a manner that constitutes sin; sinfully.sinopathy(pathology) Any disease affecting the paranasal sinuses.sinoscopy(medicine) The visual examination of paranasal sinuses using an endoscope.sinuatelyIn a sinuate manner.sinuoselyIn a sinuose manner.sinuosityThe property of being sinuous.sinuouslyIn a sinuous manner.sismologyArchaic form of seismology.sithingly(obsolete) With sighs; sighingly.sitiologyAlternative form of sitology.sitootery(Scotland) A small patio or sheltered area outside a house suitable for sitting in for relaxation or socialising.sittingly(uncommon) While sitting.sittringy(India, historical) A carpet of coloured cotton, often striped.skatologyAlternative form of scatology.skeletonyResembling or characteristic of a skeleton; skeletal.sketchilyIn a sketchy manner.skiamachyAlternative form of sciamachy.skilfullyBritish standard spelling of skillfully.skipperly(rare) Befitting a skipper, the master of a ship.skywardlyToward the sky.slackerlyCharacteristic of a slackerslaistery(Scotland) unctuousslaphappyIncoherent from being struck; punch drunk.slavishlyIn a slavish manner.sleepaway(attributive) Of a camp or event in which participants sleep away from home.sleightly(obsolete) With cunning; dexterously.slenderlyThinly, slightly, delicately.slicinglySo as to slice; with a slicing motion.slideablyAlternative form of slidably.slidinglyWith a sliding motion.slightily(obsolete) slightlyslightleyMisspelling of slightly.slimelilyAlternative form of slime lily.slopinglyAt a slope; slantwise; obliquely.slouchilyIn a slouchy manner.sluicewayA man-made channel designed to redirect excess water.slurredlyIn a slurred manner; with a slurred voice.smartassy(Canada, US, informal) Synonym of smartassed.smilinglyIn a smiling manner; with a smile.smokeeasyAlternative form of smokeasy.smokinglySo as to produce, or appear to produce, smoke.smoochilyIn a smoochy way.smoothify(transitive) To convert (fruit, vegetables, etc.) into a smoothie.smudgedlyIn a smudged manner.smugglery(dated) Synonym of smuggling.snakingly(rare) In a snaking manner; serpentinely.snatchilyIn a snatchy manner.snipinglyIn a sniping (malicious) manner.snoringlyWhile snoring.snowberryA shrub bearing white berries:snowbilly(derogatory, slang) A person from rural areas of northern North America, especially a rural white Canadian, Alaskan or Upper Midwesterner, living where the temperatures in the winter dip below freezing.snowbunnyAlternative spelling of snow bunny.snowflaky(informal) snowflakelikesoakinglyTo the point of soaking; imparting extreme wetness.soapberryAny woody plant of the Sapindaceae family, found chiefly in tropical climates, most commonly the genus Sapindus.soapsuddyResembling or characteristic of soapsuds.soaringlyIn a soaring manner.sobbinglyIn a sobbing manner.socialityThe character of being social; sociabilitysociodicyA justification (or similar discourse) of the nature of a particular societysociogenyThe science of the origin of society.sociologyA social science that studies society, human social interaction, patterns of social relationships, and the interactions of culture. Through both theory and applied research, it engages subject matters across a range of microanalysis, mesoanalysis, and macroanalysis.socionomyThe study of how sociological factors affect the economy.sodomitry(obsolete) Synonym of sodomy.sojourney(intransitive, obsolete) To sojourn; to reside during one's travels.sokemanryAlternative form of socmanry.soldierlyAppropriate to, or in the way of, a soldier.solemnify(transitive) To make solemn.solemnityThe quality of being deeply serious and sober or solemn.solidbody(music) Of a guitar, constructed from a solid material as opposed to a hollow one.soliloquy(drama) The act of a character speaking to themselves so as to reveal their thoughts to the audience.solventlyIn a solvent manner.somnology(medicine) The clinical study and treatment of sleep disorders and irregularities.songfullyIn a songful manner.sonicallyIn a sonic mannersonnetaryRelating to sonnets.sonometryThe measurement of bone density by means of ultrasoundsonorancyThe condition of being sonorantsophistry(uncountable, historical) The actions or arguments of a sophist.soppinglySo as to be wet to the point of dripping.sordidity(now rare) Sordidness.sororallyIn a sororal manner; sisterly.sottishlyIn a sottish manner.sottocopy(Philippines, neologism) to plagiarizesoulfullyIn a soulful manner.soulishly(Christianity) In a soulish manner.sourbellyA cantankerous person.sourishlyIn a sourish manner.southerlyA wind blowing from the south.spaciallyMisspelling of spatially.sparinglyIn a sparing manner; with frugality, moderation, scantiness, reserve, forbearance, or the like; sparsely.sparsedly(obsolete or nonstandard) sparselyspartanlyIn a spartan manner.spatiallyWith reference to space or arrangement in space.speakeasy(historical) An illegal saloon or tavern, especially one operated during the American Prohibition period in the 1920s.speakerlyBefitting a speaker or orator.spearplayFighting (or practice exercises) with spears.speciallyFor a special purpose, person, or occasion.specialtyThat in which one specializes; a chosen expertise or talent; bailiwick.specifityMisspelling of specificity.speckeldyAlternative form of speckledy.speckledyHaving speckles.specularyAlternative form of specular.speechify(intransitive) To give a speech; to hold forth; (now especially) to pronounce pompously or at length.speechway(sociology) The speech customs and dialects of a group of people.speedawayA team game combining elements of soccer, American football, and basketball.spindizzy(games) An engine-powered miniature racing car running on a circular track, tethered by cables to a central pole, popular in the 1940s.spinoselyIn a spinose fashion.spinosityThe state of having a spinespiralityThe condition of being spiral.spiranthy(botany, archaic) The occasional twisted growth of the parts of a flower.splashilyIn a splashy manner.splatteryResembling or covered in splatters.splinteryHaving many splinters.splodgilyIn a splodgy manner.splutteryCharacterised by spluttering.sponsorly(very rare) Of, befitting, or characteristic of a sponsor.spoontrayA tray for spoons.sporogenysporogenesissporogonyThe formation of sporozoites from spores or zygotes.sporologyThe scientific study of spores.sportponyA type of pony in the general range of 13.2-14.2 hands that looks and moves like a small horse, capable of competing in the Olympic disciplines of jumping, dressage, and eventing, as well as in driving.spottedlyIn spots, or occasional places; here and there.spousallyAs, or in terms of, a spouse.sprightlyAnimated, gay, or vivacious; lively, spirited.springilyIn a springy manner.squalidlyIn a squalid manner.squaredly(mathematics, obsolete) Having been squared (again).squashilyIn a squashy way.squawkilyIn a squawky manner.squeakery(rare) The quality of being squeaky.squeakilyWhilst squeaking.squibberyThe writing of squibs or lampoons; satirical writing.squidgilyIn a squidgy manner.squiffilyIn a squiffy manner.squinancyAlternative form of squinance.squintilyIn a squinty manner.squiralty(historical) The land-owning gentry; the squirearchy.squirrelyAlternative form of squirrelly.squishilyIn a squishy manner.stabilify(transitive) To make stable; stabilize.stabilityThe condition of being stable or in equilibrium, and thus resistant to change.stableboyAlternative form of stable boy.stableflySynonym of dogfly.stackablyIn a stackable manner; so as to permit stacking.stadiallyBy, or in terms of, developmental stages.stageplayA play written to be performed on the stage.stagnancyThe property of being stagnant.stakebody(metonymic) A truck, trailer, or wagon with such a body.staminody(botany, uncountable) A condition of flowers in which sepals, pistils, etc. are metamorphosed into stamens.standaway(clothing) Denoting a kind of rolled collar that stands away from the neck.starchilyIn a starchy or formal manner.staringlyIn a staring way.starvedlyIn the condition of one starved or starving; parsimoniously.statelilyIn a stately manner.staticityThe condition of being staticstatively(grammar) In a stative manner.stativity(grammar) The property of being stative.statutoryOf, relating to, enacted or regulated by a statute.staunchlyIn a staunch manner.steerablyIn a steerable manner.stellarlyIn a stellar manner.stenogamy(biology) The condition of being stenogamousstenotopyThe condition of being stenotopicstenotypyThe use of the stenotype to take down messages in shorthand.stepdaddy(informal) stepfatherstepmommy(informal, chiefly childish) stepmotherstepmummy(UK, New England, informal) stepmothersterilelyin a sterile manner.sterilityThe state or quality of being sterile.sternally(anatomy) In terms of, or upon, the sternum.sterologyMisspelling of stereology.stewardlyBefitting a steward.stewardryAlternative form of stewartry.stewartryThe role or office of a steward; stewardship.stewinglyIn a stewing manner.stfantasy(dated, fandom slang) The overall field of literature containing the genres of science fiction and fantasy fiction; imaginative fiction; speculative fiction.stifledlyIn a stifled manner.stigmergy(biology) A mechanism of spontaneous, indirect coordination between agents or actions, where the trace left in the environment by an action stimulates the performance of a subsequent action.stiltedlyStiffly, or in an unnatural mannerstintedlyIn a constrained manner; with restraint or sacrifice.stipulary(botany) Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.stitcheryfine work done by stitchingstoicallyIn a manner that endures pain and hardship without outwardly showing suffering or expressing complaint.stolidityThe property of being stolid; unemotionality.straighty(informal) One who is straight (legally or morally abiding).strangelyIn a strange or coincidental manner.strangify(transitive) To make strange or exotic.strangury(pathology, urology) A painful, frequent need to urinate, when the bladder is largely empty or with little urine production.stratallyIn terms of strata or layers.streakilyIn a streaky manner.streamwayThe path of a stream, especially as a route through which water or ice drains, or (below ground) through which cavers travel.streatery(US, food) An on-street outdoor dining establishment, frequently under a tent, umbrella, or awning with heaters.streeteryAlternative form of streatery.streetwayThe portion of a street used by trafficstrengthyPossessing strength; strong; mighty.strenuity(archaic) strenuousness; activitystridencyThe quality of being strident.stringify(transitive, programming) To convert to a textual representation.stringilyIn a stringy way.strippery(colloquial) An establishment offering striptease or other erotic dancing.stromallyIn a stromal mannerstroppilyIn a stroppy way.studentlyOf, relating to, or characteristic of a studentstudentryA body of students; students collectively.studiedlythoughtfully, knowledgeably, deliberately; with premeditationstuntedlyIn a stunted fashion.stupidicy(uncountable, nonstandard, derogatory) Stupidity.stupidify(transitive, intransitive, informal) To make stupider or promote stupidity.stupidity(uncountable) The property of being stupid.stylishlyIn a stylish manner.suability(law) liability to be suedsuasivelyIn a suasive manner.subacidlyIn a subacid manner.subagencyAn agency that is subordinate to, or part of, another.subahdaryThe office or jurisdiction of a subahdar.subcanopyThe section of a forest immediately beneath the canopysubcavitya cavity within a larger onesubcolonyA colony belonging to another colony.subcountyBelow the level of a county.subdioecyThe state or condition of being subdioecious.subduedlyIn a subdued manner.subentityAn entity that makes up part of a larger entity; a component.subfamily(taxonomy) A taxonomic category ranking between a family and a genus; formerly called a tribe.subfelony(US, law) below the level of a felony; relating to a misdemeanorsubfleshy(botany, mycology) Somewhat or partially fleshy.subhourlyAt a frequency of smaller periods than hours; more often than hourly.sublimelyIn a sublime manner.sublimity(uncountable) The quality or state of being sublime.sublunaryIn or of this world (as opposed to heaven, etc.); earthly, terrestrial.submissly(archaic) In a submissive manner; with submission.submodify(grammar) To modify using a submodifiersubmoietyA subset of a moietysuborallyunderneath the mouthsubpiallyIn a subpial mannersubpolicyA subordinate policysubsolary(obsolete) Under the sun i.e. terrestrial, of the EarthsubtheoryA theory forming part of a larger theory.subtilelyObsolete form of subtly.subtilityExcessive refinement of argument; casuistry.subweeklyPertaining to times of less than a weeksuckinglyWith a sucking sound or motion.suddently(nonstandard) Alternative form of suddenly.suffuselyIn a suffuse way.sugarally(Scotland, informal) Alternative spelling of sugarallie.sugarolly(Scotland, informal) Alternative spelling of sugarallie.suitinglyIn a suiting manner; appropriately.sulfurityAlternative spelling of sulphurity.sulkinglyWhile sulking; in a sulky manner.summarily(manner) In a summary manner.summatoryRelating to a summationsummerilyIn a manner reminiscent of summer.sumptuaryRelating to expenditure or expense, especially on luxury goods.sungrannyAlternative form of sun granny.sunshineyAlternative form of sunshiny.superbityThe quality of being superb.superbusyExtremely busy.supercityAn extremely large city, metropolis or urban area.supercozy(rare, informal) Very cozy.superdutyExtremely heavy-duty.supereasyExtremely easy.supernityThe condition of being supernalsuperplay(video games) A playthrough of a computer or video game in which the whole game or a select part of it, such as a single level, is played as skilfully as possible, optionally with certain prerequisites.supersexy(informal) Very sexy.supertinyExtremely tiny.superugly(informal) Remarkably ugly; hideous.suprabony(dentistry) Horizontal direction in bone, adjacent to the tooth.supremacyThe quality of being supreme.supremelyTo the greatest, highest, or utmost degree.supremity(archaic) Supremacy.surfacely(nonstandard or non-native speakers' English) On the surface; superficially.surgeoncy(now chiefly India) The office or employment of a surgeon, either in the naval or military service, or in a hospital as a resident or house officer.surgeonlyBefitting a surgeon.surgeonry(obsolete) surgerysurquedry(obsolete) Overweening pride; arrogance.surquidryAlternative form of surquedry.surreallyIn a way or to an extent that is surreal.surrendry(obsolete) surrendersurrogacyThe practice of being a surrogate mother.suspectlyIn a suspect manner.suturallyBy means of a suture.swagbellyA prominent, overhanging belly.swarthilyIn a swarthy manner.swatchway(nautical) A twisting channel amongst sandbanks that is only navigable at high waterswayinglyIn a swaying way; unsteadily.swimmablySo as to be possible to swim.swindlerySwindling; trickery.swinishlyIn a swinish manner.swollenlyIn a swollen manner; bloatedly.swordplayfighting with a swordsycomancyDivination using fig leaves.syllabary(orthography) A table or list of syllabic letters or syllables.syllabifyTo divide a word into syllables; to syllabicate; to syllabize.sylvanityThe quality of being sylvan; a rural or forest-like character.symbolify(transitive) To represent by a symbol; symbolize.symbology(uncountable) The study or use of symbols.symmorphyThe quality of being symmorphic.symploidy(genetics) ploidy as a result of partial or complete fusion of a set of chromosomessynchronysynchronicity, the state of two or more events occurring at the same time.synocracy(uncountable) Rule by consensus.synodallyBy means of a synodsyntrophy(biology) The relationship between the individuals of different species (especially of bacteria) in which one or both benefit nutritionally from the presence of the other